Greek Number Converter
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Greek Numbers
What are Greek Numerals?
Greek numerals are a numeric system used by the ancient Greeks, where the Greek alphabet's letters represent numbers. The structure of the Greek numeral system is somewhat similar to Roman numerals, but it uses different letters and rules.
Basic Rules of Greek Numerals
The Greek numeral system consists of 27 letters, with 24 letters used to represent numbers like 1 to 9, 10 to 90, 100 to 900, and so on. Larger numbers are represented by combinations of letters. Similar to Roman numerals, Greek numerals follow addition and subtraction rules: a larger letter before a smaller one indicates addition, while a smaller letter before a larger one indicates subtraction.
Greek Alphabet and Its Corresponding Numbers
Letter | Number | Letter | Number | Letter | Number |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
α | 1 | ι | 10 | ρ | 100 |
β | 2 | κ | 20 | σ | 200 |
γ | 3 | λ | 30 | τ | 300 |
δ | 4 | μ | 40 | υ | 400 |
ε | 5 | ν | 50 | φ | 500 |
ϛ | 6 | ξ | 60 | χ | 600 |
ζ | 7 | ο | 70 | ψ | 700 |
η | 8 | π | 80 | ω | 800 |
θ | 9 | ϟ | 90 | ϡ | 900 |
Addition and Subtraction Rules
In the Greek numeral system, the order of letters determines whether addition or subtraction is applied. The rules are as follows:
- Addition Rule: When a larger letter precedes a smaller letter, it represents addition.
- Subtraction Rule: When a smaller letter precedes a larger letter, it represents subtraction.
Examples:
Addition:
- ιβ: Represents 10 + 2 = 12; here, ι (10) precedes β (2), so it's addition, and the result is 12.
- κγ: Represents 20 + 3 = 23; here, κ (20) precedes γ (3), so it's addition, and the result is 23.
- πδ: Represents 80 + 4 = 84; here, π (80) precedes δ (4), so it's addition, and the result is 84.
Subtraction:
- ηρ: Represents 100 - 8 = 92; here, ρ (100) precedes η (8), so it's subtraction, and the result is 92.
- εφ: Represents 500 - 5 = 495; here, φ (500) precedes ε (5), so it's subtraction, and the result is 495.
- ζπ: Represents 80 - 7 = 73; here, π (80) precedes ζ (7), so it's subtraction, and the result is 73.
How to Represent Larger Numbers?
In the Greek numeral system, larger numbers can be represented by using a reversed accent (͵) and symbols (Μ). The reversed accent multiplies the number following it by 1000; Μ represents "ten thousand," and ΜΜ represents "one hundred million" (i.e., one M multiplies the number by 10,000). For example:
- ͵αʹ represents 1 × 1000 = 1000
- ͵βκεʹ represents 2 × 1000 + 20 + 5 = 2025
- Μαʹ represents 1 × 10000 = 10000
- Μϟθ.͵θϡϟθʹ represents (90 + 9) × 10000 + 9 × 1000 + 900 + 90 + 9 = 999999, where the dot (.) means the numbers between Μ and the dot are multiplied by 10,000.
- Μρκ.ρʹ represents (100 + 20) × 10000 + 100 = 1200100
- ΜΜκ.Μ͵γνη.͵ϛφξʹ represents 20 × 10000 × 10000 + (3 × 1000 + 50 + 8) × 10000 + 6 × 1000 + 500 + 60 = 2030586560.